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A Public Identity Crisis: Real or Imagined?
Striving for Consistency in Job Titles POINT . . .
By Arnie Biondo What's in a title? It's the work done that counts, correct? Maybe, maybe not. In the field of public parks, recreation and conservation, titles are part of a jargon exclusive to that field. When speaking to community groups or business leaders, we are careful to avoid jargon because the audience won't understand the meaning. Yet we expect the same people to understand the breadth, depth and responsibility of our jobs by the title. But they do NOT always, or often, understand. Titles such as Supervisor, Superintendent and Coordinator are not descriptive. Rather, they are vague and misleading. Look in your dictionary. Supervisor and superintendent have nearly identical definitions. How often does this conversation take place at a Chamber of Commerce meeting, with relatives, or at a conference:
"So, what is your line of work? "I'm the Superintendent of Recreation (or Parks, or Finance, or Planning) at Podunk Park District." It's worse if your title is Recreation Supervisor, because then you hear, "Oh, so you work with kids on playgrounds or at the gym."
If either of these perceptions is in our typical titles, we — as a profession — lose. We continually and frequently deal with commissioners, council members, and busines leaders" who are NOT recreation and park professionals. They don't necessarily understand the jargon of our titles. However, our titles must relate to them if we expect the title to describe, and focus on, our jobs. For recreation and park professionals to communicate, negotiate, fundraise, and command respect (and better compensation), the title must be more explanatory. Typical titles in the business world are "Manager" and "Director." (Doubtful? Read the Sunday want ads.) Consider the following title examples:
Personnel Manager; Product Manager; Store Manager; Marketing Manager; Promotion Director; Director of Engineering; Maintenance Director. These titles are generally clearer and more descriptive than those used in recreation and parks. Throughout the English speaking world, the word "manager" implies a person who is getting things done through, and with other people. "Director", descending from corporations' boards of directors, suggests a role of giving guidance,
By Connie Skibbe The job titles used in most park and recreation agencies are based upon tradition. Consequently, we have a recognition factor for what a superintendent of parks or a recreation supervisor does. As we have ventured into new service areas, though, our titles have become less consistent. Job titles are extremely important because of the functions they describe, as well as the rank they define, within an organization or even within an entire profession. For us to bestow titles particular to individual situations or to conform with the latest in business lingo does nothing to advance parks and recreation. We seem to be in a perpetual identity crisis, which is probably not uncommon for any profession that is as relatively young as ours. For the public to begin to identify with what we do, we need consistency in our job titles. If we apply titles associated with other units of government or with business, we dilute our uniqueness and deny ourselves the chance to be recognized as a separate and distinct profession. Using traditional job titles serves as a starting point from which we can build consistency and still retain our own identity.
Our job titles are also important because we are public and tax supported. Business titles, such as C.E.O., simply are not appropriate or necessary. The public wants to know rank and function in its simplest form. Recreation professionals gain no status or higher form of public recognition by using titles we all associate with a higher status. Public education is our responsibility and if we have to explain what we do, we ought to consider it an opportunity and not an insult. The field of recreation has an internal problem as well, because, unfortunately in our profession, there is limited opportunity for advancement into "upper management"; recreation professionals seek substitute rewards. A title change is the easiest and cheapest fix, but can't possibly offer long term motivation for an employee who continues to perform the same duties at the same pay. Titles DO create expectations and we should change them when there is truly a change in function. Our efforts would be better served by promoting true merit systems where top performance earns top pay. We have already reached the point where the salary survey conducted by the Administrative and Finance Section must now list job descriptions for each position in order to determine comparable salary ranges. We confuse ourselves and still expect the public to understand us. One need only to scan our directory to see the vast range of titles we currently use. Leisure Services Manager sounds good, but I have no
Point . . . (Continued)
decision-making and authority. By contrast, our field commonly has titles such as the following:
Superintendent of Parks; Teen Supervisor; Public Relations Supervisor; Recreation Coordinator; Superintendent of Leisure Services; Projects Coordinator; Business Manager; Senior Citizens Coordinator; Athletics Supervisor. To the park and recreation professional, all these make sense because they are familiar. Greek makes sense if you speak Greek. In these examples, there is the implication that supervisors supervise, meaning they are on location watching activities. Coordinator? Does anybody have a really good idea of what a coordinator is? Business Manager is better, but the word business is broad, making this title vague as well. Superintendent of Parks (or Leisure Services or Recreation) is no more clear. Any superintendent can assume to be the head administrator of a park and recreation agency.
Enough illustrations. Some suggestions for title changes leading to new standardization are in order. Executive Director: Top non-elected official in a parks and recreation agency; prime duties are financial and strategic planning; leadership. Director of Park Maintenance and Design: Department head who manages park and grounds maintenance and design (Superintendent of Parks). Director of Recreation: Department head who manages the recreation program and facility functions (Superintendent of Recreation or Leisure Services). Recreation Program Manager: Individuals who plan, staff, purchase for, monitor and evaluate planned recreation activities, classes and events. Or, just Recreation Manager. (Teen, Athletics, Senior Citizens, etc.) "Facility" Manager: (i.e. golf course, tennis center, ice rink, etc.) For the individual who directs the staff, promotes usage, programs, eval-
Point . . . (Continued) uates, directs maintenance, etc. Projects Coordinator: Projects Manager. Business Manager: Controller. Promotion Director: For what we now call Public Relations Supervisor/Coordinator. If your person in this position handles the entire promotional mix, "Marketing Director" may be suitable. Some agencies are currently using titles that more accurately depict jobs and are more familiar to the business world. Some notable examples: Northbrook Park District - Leisure Center Director; City of Evanston - Recreation Program Manager; Northeast DuPage Special Recreation Association - Director of Marketing and Development; Winnetka Park District - Tennis Manager; Lake Forest Park District - Executive Director; Bensenville Park District - Controller. A final word regarding change. For many agencies, current titles are perfect. That is because their supervisors spend a great deal of time at activities in leadership roles, or on-site support. In smaller agencies, a Director of Parks and Recreation has primary responsibility for directing maintenance and planning recreation activities. In such situations, a title should not change. Rather, what is being advocated is additional tiers. A Recreation Program Manager would become recognized as a more extensive, more challenging and higher paying position than a Recreation Supervisor. The same would apply to the difference between Executive Director and Director of Parks and Recreation. To bring about modernization of job titles, our profession will have to act to help ourselves. A joint IAPD/IPRA task force could take these few rough beginnings and develop them into a set of standard titles for Illinois, and then nationally. By changing and re-defining job titles, we will reach new levels in the public's awareness of the parks and recreation industry. Our industry will mature again. We will take a few more steps away from the old image of playground leaders and grass mowers. Let's make those steps happen to reach the level of recognized and respected professional managers. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Arnold J. Biondo is Superintendent of Leisure Services for the Wheeling Park District.
. . . Counterpoint
idea what the responsibilities of that position might be or where that position falls within the structure of the organization. On the other hand, there is some immediate association with "Superintendent of Recreation," but is a "Planning Supervisor" a landscape architect or something else?
Internally, we have also wrestled with developing a body of knowledge necessary to make professional certification possible, and even a standard, from which to hire. The idea of testing for whatever it is we ought to know ought to be as unique and specific as what we call ourselves. What we need from job titles is public recognition for what we do differently from other career fields. Public education doesn't happen overnight and cannot happen at all if we are inconsistent or try to self-impose some other profession's recognition on ourselves. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Connie Skibbe is Director of Parks and Recreation for the Park District of Highland Park and Immediate Past President of the Illinois Park and Recreation Association.
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